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University sports in Lebanon: between French heritage and American influence

2026-08-18 · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living

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One-line summary

Introduction This article examines the structure of university sports in Lebanon, a system that remains mostly overlooked in academic research.

Engineering notes

Key topics: autonomous driving. See the paper for implementation details and experimental results.

Chinese explanation / 中文解读

中文解读待补充:本站会优先为端到端自动驾驶、BEV感知、3D目标检测、轨迹预测、路径规划、LiDAR感知等高价值论文补充中文说明。

Original abstract

Introduction This article examines the structure of university sports in Lebanon, a system that remains mostly overlooked in academic research. Methods By analyzing the governance of the Lebanese University Sport Federation (FSUL) through data collected from 131 student-athletes across 24 universities and interviews with 22 sports directors, this study identifies a particular model mixing variables from the French and North American sports models. Results While the administrative rules are based on French traditions, the growing use of students' sports scholarships shows a visible shift toward the American collegiate system. The results also show that universities are not yet the primary source for training top athletes; instead, sports associations still lead athletes' development. Discussion The study concludes that Lebanon is currently caught between the French and American university sports models while trying to build its own identity.

5.0Engineering value
7.0Research novelty
5.0Business relevance

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