Investigating the Determinants of Using Electric Three-Wheelers by Passengers in Bangladesh: A PLS-SEM Approach

Engineering notes

Findings: The results reveal that user convenience, cost-effectiveness, time-saving, and habit significantly and positively affect the intention to use electric three-wheelers.

Chinese explanation / 中文解读

中文解读待补充：本站会优先为端到端自动驾驶、BEV感知、3D目标检测、轨迹预测、路径规划、LiDAR感知等高价值论文补充中文说明。

Original abstract

Purpose: This study investigates the determinants influencing passengers’ intention to use electric three-wheelers in Bangladesh while focusing on perceived safety, user convenience, cost-effectiveness, availability of vehicles, time-saving, and habitual behavior. Methods: A quantitative research approach was adopted using survey data from 334 respondents across Bangladesh. The data were analyzed through Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS4 to examine the relationships between the independent variables and intention to use three-wheelers. Findings: The results reveal that user convenience, cost-effectiveness, time-saving, and habit significantly and positively affect the intention to use electric three-wheelers. Perceived safety also has a positive but weaker influence, while availability of vehicles shows a significant negative relationship with intention to use. The model explains 76.4% of the variance in intention to use (R² = 0.764). Implications: Enhancing user convenience, providing financial incentives, improving charging and safety infrastructure, and ensuring balanced vehicle supply can increase wider adoption of electric three-wheelers. Contribution: This research enriches the limited empirical evidence on passenger adoption of three-wheelers in developing economies like Bangladesh. It provides an actionable insight for policymakers, manufacturers, and urban transport planners to promote sustainable mobility in Bangladesh.

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