Autonomous driving paper index
Educational convergence and the equalization of happiness during the COVID-19 pandemic in China
One-line summary
Introduction With the rapid development of the Chinese economy, happiness inequality is receiving increasing attention from both the scientific community and general public.
Engineering notes
Results Our results indicate that the variance of happiness declined significantly after the onset of COVID-19.
Chinese explanation / 中文解读
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Original abstract
Introduction With the rapid development of the Chinese economy, happiness inequality is receiving increasing attention from both the scientific community and general public. The COVID-19 pandemic not only exerted a socio-economic impact but also contributed to the distribution of happiness among individuals in China. Therefore, this paper examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on happiness inequality in China. We specifically analyze post-pandemic shifts in this inequality, and the urban–rural disparities. Methods The panel data from the China family panel studies (CFPS) database (2014–2022) was applied in this study, recentered influence function (RIF) regression and Oaxaca-Blinder (OB) RIF-decomposition were performed. Results Our results indicate that the variance of happiness declined significantly after the onset of COVID-19. The RIF regression and decomposition analyses reveal that this decline was driven by the convergence of mean happiness across educational groups—a trend already evident before the pandemic—with the happiness of the least educated rising steadily, while that of the most educated declined markedly. Once educational attainment is controlled for, the post-pandemic year coefficients attenuate substantially. Urban–rural subsample analyses confirm that this equalization pattern holds in both sectors. Conclusion The observed reduction in happiness inequality during the pandemic reflects structural convergence along educational lines, a process that was reinforced by the narrowing of within-group dispersion for most educational groups in the early pandemic period. Whether this equalization persists beyond the zero-COVID period remains an open question for future research.
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