Determining Indicators for Future Mobility and Regional Connectivity in Indonesia’s Nusantara Capital City: A Systematic Review

Engineering notes

Key topics: autonomous driving, autonomous vehicle. See the paper for implementation details and experimental results.

Chinese explanation / 中文解读

中文解读待补充：本站会优先为端到端自动驾驶、BEV感知、3D目标检测、轨迹预测、路径规划、LiDAR感知等高价值论文补充中文说明。

Original abstract

Introduction This systematic review identifies Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for evaluating future mobility and transportation connectivity in Indonesia’s new capital, Ibu Kota Nusantara (IKN). The study focuses on the initial development phase of the Core Government Area, emphasizing the integration of multimodal systems and “smart forest city” concepts. Methods A systematic literature review was conducted to synthesize indicators across two dimensions: technological drivers (autonomous vehicles, electrification, and Mobility-as-a-Service/MaaS) and physical enablers (public transport and active micromobility). Using a Socio-Technical and CLIOS framework, 36 peer-reviewed studies were synthesized to determine critical mobility metrics. Results The study identified 62 KPIs; among technological drivers, policy readiness and ICT integration were the most prevalent research focuses. In the physical enablers dimension, public transport efficiency and pedestrian-cyclist connectivity emerged as the highest-weighted indicators for capital city connectivity. Discussion These findings suggest that for IKN to meet its ambitious public transport targets, policy focus must shift from general fiscal incentives toward localized, fleet-based strategies that prioritize multimodal seamlessness over private vehicle ownership. Conclusion Achieving IKN’s vision of a modern, responsive capital depends on the rigorous application of these KPIs to bridge the gap between future mobility technology and physical urban infrastructure.

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